What is Genome editing?
Genome editing is a method by which the genetic material or DNA of an organism can be precisely modified, manipulated, removed, or altered. Deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA is the genetic material in all organisms and a piece of DNA that is active and codes for a particular protein is called Gene. The molecular biological central dogma explains how DNA is converted to mRNA by a process called Transcription and mRNA will undergo translation to produce protein. Each Gene will code for a polypeptide or protein. The message of life is coded in DNA and that message is read out, in mRNA and translated or decoded to get the protein.
Proteins formed by gene expression have various functions in metabolism, they act as hormones, enzymes, structural elements, receptors, membrane transporters, etc. If a gene is mutated or has any defects the formed protein will also be abnormal and can cause various genetic and metabolic disorders. Genome editing technology has the potential to treat diseases, improve crops, and create useful traits by manipulating genes.
Genome Editing
Genome editing is an important tool of Genetic Engineering. It is the most promising technique of current and future importance as it can be used to edit, modify, alter, or make changes in the DNA or Silencing a gene. Genome editing is the latest technology where genetic material or genes of an organism can be modified, added, deleted or any alterations can be made to create desirable characters.
It is the most important scientific advancement that has the potential to act as therapeutic, genetic engineering, transgenics, etc. It is the most recent focus of medical research and Agriculture. This article will focus on what is Genome editing, the different methods, applications, and ethical perspectives of Genome editing.
Table of Content
- What is Genome editing?
- Genome editing Techniques
- Genome Editing in Human
- Applications of Genome Editing
- Genome editing Pros and Cons