What is Solid State?

Solid state is a physical state of matter in which particles, such as atoms, ions, or molecules, are closely packed together in a fixed arrangement. In a solid state, particles have strong intermolecular forces holding them in place, resulting in a rigid and well-defined shape. A solid state of matter is characterized by the following properties:

  • Fixed Volume and Shape
  • High Density
  • Limited Molecular Motion
  • Resistance to Compression

Let’s learn about these properties in detail.

Solid State Chemistry

Solid State is a state of matter in which the shape and volume of matter remain unchanged irrespective of the container they are kept in. Solid state materials are of huge importance due to their wide ranging applications in daily lives. This versatility of solid state lead to formation of a separate field under the domain of chemistry named as Solid State chemistry.

In this article, we will lean in detail about solid state, its properties, types. We will also cover complete solid state chemistry to cover all the points related to solid state that would help in last minute revision for our exams.

Table of Content

  • What is Solid State?
  • Properties of Solids
  • Solid State Chemistry
  • Types of Solids
  • Amorphous Solid
  • Crystal Lattice and Unit Cells
  • Seven Crystal System

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What is Solid State?

Solid state is a physical state of matter in which particles, such as atoms, ions, or molecules, are closely packed together in a fixed arrangement. In a solid state, particles have strong intermolecular forces holding them in place, resulting in a rigid and well-defined shape. A solid state of matter is characterized by the following properties:...

Properties of Solids

The properties of solids can be broadly classified into following two categories:...

Solid State Chemistry

Solid-state chemistry is a branch of chemistry that focuses on the study of solids, their composition, structure, properties, and reactivity. It studies in detail about types of solids, unit cell, lattice structure, formation of solid, defects in solid and several other properties of solid....

Types of Solids

Primarily there are following two types of solids:...

Crystalline Solid

A crystalline solid is a type of solid material that has a highly ordered arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in a repeating three-dimensional lattice structure. In a crystalline solid, the constituent particles are arranged in a regular and periodic pattern, resulting in well-defined geometric shapes and surfaces....

Types of Crystalline Solids

Crystalline solids are be further classified into following types:...

Amorphous Solid

Amorphous Solids are the solids which do not have long range order of arrangement of atoms. In these solids, unlike crystalline solids, a particular repetition of arrangement of particles occur for very short distance. The property of amorphous solids are mentioned below:...

Crystal Lattice and Unit Cells

A crystal lattice is a three-dimensional arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in a crystalline solid. A unit cell is the basic repeating structural unit that forms the three-dimensional lattice of a crystalline solid. It is the smallest portion of the crystal lattice that, when repeated in all three dimensions, generates the entire crystalline structure....

Seven Crystal System

Based on the configuration of lattice parameters, there are seven crystal system. These seven crystal system are tabulated below:...

Bravais Lattice

Bravais Lattice is a system of arrangement of atoms inside a unit cell observed by Auguste Bravais. The above mentioned 7 Crystal System which and different possible combinations of unit cells leading to 14 possible Bravais lattices....

Voids in Crystal Lattice

Voids are the gaps or empty spaces that exist inside a crystal lattice structure. They are sometimes referred to as interstitial spaces or interstices. The atoms surrounding these gaps may be used to categorize them into two basic types: octahedral and tetrahedral voids....

Defects in Solid

Deviations from the ideal, flawless crystal structure are referred to as defects in solids. The mechanical, electrical, and physical characteristics of materials can be significantly impacted by these flaws. There are several types of defects such as point defect, line defect, surface defect and volume defect. Here we will learn in detail about Point Defects...

Frequently Asked Questions on Solid State

What is a solid?...