What is the Nervous System?
The nervous system, also known as the neural system, consists of a complex network of neurons specialized for message transmission. The complexity of the nervous system increases as we ascend the evolutionary hierarchy. In simpler organisms like flatworms, there are basic nerve networks distributed throughout their bodies.
As we move top of the hierarchy, like crustaceans, they possess a more complex nervous network consisting of two nerve centers known as the dorsal ganglion and ventral ganglion. A developed brain is present in higher organisms like vertebrates.
The basic unit of the nervous system is a neuron, which is responsible for transmitting information throughout the body. It helps in communication between different parts of the body, including the brain, spinal cord, and other organs. Neurons consist of a cell body, dendrites, and an axon. They are defined as follows:
- Cell Body: The cell body, is the central part of a neuron that contains the nucleus and other cellular components, act as control center for the neuron’s activities.
- Dendrites: Dendrites are the branched extensions of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons or sensory receptors, facilitating the transmission of information to the cell body.
- Axon: The axon is a long, slender projection of a neuron that carries electrical signals away from the cell body, enabling communication with other neurons or target cell.
Human Nervous System – Structure, Function, and Types
The Human Nervous System is a network of specialized cells and tissues that includes the brain, spinal cord, and a complex network of peripheral nerves. The types of nervous systems and their functions are discussed in this article. The human nervous system is responsible for receiving, transmitting, and processing information within the body. The nervous system functions to enable communication between different parts of the body and allows organisms to interact with their environment. In this article, we will study types of nervous systems and their functions in detail.
Table of Content
- What is the Nervous System?
- Human Nervous System Diagram
- Types of Nervous System and Their Functions
- Human Nervous System Flow Chart
- Central Nervous System
- Types of Peripheral Nervous System and their Functions
- What are the Functions of the Nervous System?