Words tell us histories
The introduction of fine cotton fabrics from India to European traders occurred through Arab merchants in Mosul, located in present-day Iraq. The Portuguese initially arrived in India seeking spices but also discovered the cotton textiles, which they referred to as “calico” (a term derived from Calicut). Numerous other terms arose, indicative of the popularity of Indian textiles in Western markets.
Distinct varieties of fabric bore specific names, with printed cotton cloths being termed chintz, cossaes (or khassa), and bandanna. The term “chintz” originates from the Hindi word “chhint,” signifying a fabric adorned with small, vibrant floral patterns. Indian cotton textiles gained immense popularity in England and Europe, primarily due to their exquisite floral motifs, fine texture, and affordability.
The term “bandanna,” stemming from the word “bandhna,” denotes any brightly colored and printed scarf used for the neck or head, typically created through a process involving tying and dyeing.
CBSE Class 8 History Notes- Weavers, Iron Smelters and Factory Owners
This chapter delves into the narrative of India’s crafts and industries during the era of British dominance, specifically highlighting two key sectors: textiles and iron and steel. These industries played pivotal roles in driving the industrial revolution globally. Britain’s mechanized production of cotton textiles propelled it to become the leading industrial power in the nineteenth century.
Moreover, with the growth of its iron and steel industry from the 1850s onwards, Britain earned the moniker “workshop of the world.” The industrialization of Britain was intricately linked to its conquest and colonization of India. The themes discussed in this chapter are comprehensively covered in our CBSE Class 8 History notes Chapter 6 – Weavers, Iron Smelters, and Factory Owners.