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You learned from the previous chapter that Bootstrap requires a containing element to wrap site contents
You learned from the previous chapter that Bootstrap requires a containing element to wrap site contents.
Containers are used to pad the content inside of them, and there are two container classes available:
.container class provides a responsive fixed width container.container-fluid class provides a full width container, spanning the entire width of the viewportUse the .container class to create a responsive, fixed-width container.
Note that its width (max-width) will change on different screen sizes:
|
Extra small <576px |
Small ≥576px |
Medium ≥768px |
Large ≥992px |
Extra large ≥1200px |
|---|
| max-width | 100% | 540px | 720px | 960px | 1140px |
Open the example below and resize the browser window to see that the container width will change at different breakpoints:
<div class="container">
<h1>My First Bootstrap Page</h1>
<p>This is some text.</p>
</div>
Use the .container-fluid class to create a full width container, that will always span the entire width of the screen (width is always 100%):
<div class="container-fluid">
<h1>My First Bootstrap Page</h1>
<p>This is some text.</p>
</div>
By default, containers have 15px left and right padding, with no top or bottom padding. Therefore, we often use spacing utilities, such as extra padding and margins to make them look even better. For example, .pt-3 means "add a top padding of 16px":
<div class="container pt-3"></div>
You will learn much more about spacing utilities, in our BS4 Utilities Chapter.
Other utilities, such as borders and colors, are also often used together with containers:
This container has a border and some extra padding and margins.
This container has a dark background color and a white text, and some extra padding and margins.
This container has a blue background color and a white text, and some extra padding and margins.
<div class="container p-3 my-3 border"></div>
<div class="container
p-3 my-3 bg-dark
text-white"></div>
<div class="container p-3 my-3 bg-primary
text-white"></div>
You will learn much more about colors and border utilities, in our BS4 Colors Chapter and BS4 Utilities Chapter.
You can also use the .container-sm|md|lg|xl classes to create responsive containers.
The max-width of the container will change on different screen sizes/viewports:
| Class |
Extra small <576px |
Small ≥576px |
Medium ≥768px |
Large ≥992px |
Extra large ≥1200px |
|---|
.container-sm |
100% | 540px | 720px | 960px | 1140px |
.container-md |
100% | 100% | 720px | 960px | 1140px |
.container-lg |
100% | 100% | 100% | 960px | 1140px |
.container-xl |
100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 1140px |
<div class="container-sm">.container-sm</div>
<div
class="container-md">.container-md</div>
<div
class="container-lg">.container-lg</div>
<div
class="container-xl">.container-xl</div>
W3.CSS is an excellent alternative to Bootstrap 4.
W3.CSS is smaller, faster, and easier to use.
If you want to learn W3.CSS, go to our W3.CSS Tutorial.