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C # tutorial
Inheritance is an object-oriented programming is one of the most important concepts. Inheritance allows us to define a class based on another class to define a class, which makes creating and maintaining applications much easier. But also conducive to reuse code and reduce development time.
When you create a class, programmers do not need to completely re-write new data members and member functions, you only need to design a new class that inherits the existing members of the class can be. The existingbase class is called a class, the new class is called the derived class.
Realization of the idea of inheritancebelonging (IS-A) relationship.For example, a mammalbelongs (IS-A) animals, dogs belonging to (IS-A)of mammals, and thereforebelong tothe dog(IS-A)animals.
A class can be derived from more than one class or interface, which means that it can inherit multiple base classes or interfaces from data and functions.
Create a derived class in C # syntax is as follows:
<Acess-specifier> class <base_class> { /en. } class <derived_class>: <base_class> { /en. }
Suppose, there is a base class Shape, which is the derived class Rectangle:
using System; namespace InheritanceApplication { class Shape { public void setWidth (int w) { width = w; } public void setHeight (int h) { height = h; } protected int width; protected int height; } // Derived class class Rectangle: Shape { public int getArea () { return (width * height); } } class RectangleTester { static void Main (string [] args) { Rectangle Rect = new Rectangle (); Rect.setWidth (5); Rect.setHeight (7); // Print area of the object Console.WriteLine ( "Total area: {0}", Rect.getArea ()); Console.ReadKey (); } } }
When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following results:
Total area: 35
Derived class inherits member variables and member methods of the base class. Therefore, the parent object should be created before a sub-class object was created. You can initialize the parent class in the member initialization list.
The following program demonstrates this point:
using System; namespace RectangleApplication { class Rectangle { // Member variables protected double length; protected double width; public Rectangle (double l, double w) { length = l; width = w; } public double GetArea () { return length * width; } public void Display () { Console.WriteLine ( "Length: {0}", length); Console.WriteLine ( "width: {0}", width); Console.WriteLine ( "Size: {0}", GetArea ()); } } // End class Rectangle class Tabletop: Rectangle { private double cost; public Tabletop (double l, double w): base (l, w) {} public double GetCost () { double cost; cost = GetArea () * 70; return cost; } public void Display () { base.Display (); Console.WriteLine ( "Cost: {0}", GetCost ()); } } class ExecuteRectangle { static void Main (string [] args) { Tabletop t = new Tabletop (4.5, 7.5); t.Display (); Console.ReadLine (); } } }
When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following results:
Length: 4.5 Width: 7.5 Area: 33.75 Cost: 2362.5
C # does not support multiple inheritance.However, you can use the interface to achieve multiple inheritance. The following program demonstrates this point:
using System; namespace InheritanceApplication { class Shape { public void setWidth (int w) { width = w; } public void setHeight (int h) { height = h; } protected int width; protected int height; } // Base class PaintCost public interface PaintCost { int getCost (int area); } // Derived class class Rectangle: Shape, PaintCost { public int getArea () { return (width * height); } public int getCost (int area) { return area * 70; } } class RectangleTester { static void Main (string [] args) { Rectangle Rect = new Rectangle (); int area; Rect.setWidth (5); Rect.setHeight (7); area = Rect.getArea (); // Print area of the object Console.WriteLine ( "Total area: {0}", Rect.getArea ()); Console.WriteLine ( "Paint total cost: $ {0}", Rect.getCost (area)); Console.ReadKey (); } } }
When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following results:
Total area: 35 Paint Total cost: $ 2450