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C # tutorial
XHTML is a stricter, more XML-based version of HTML
XML is a markup language where all documents must be marked up correctly (be "well-formed").
XHTML was developed to make HTML more extensible and flexible to work with other data formats (such as XML). In addition, browsers ignore errors in HTML pages, and try to display the website even if it has some errors in the markup. So XHTML comes with a much stricter error handling.
If you want to study XML, please read our XML Tutorial.
An XHTML document must have an XHTML <!DOCTYPE> declaration.
The <html>, <head>, <title>, and <body> elements must also be present, and the xmlns attribute in <html> must specify the xml namespace for the document.
Here is an XHTML document with a minimum of required tags:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
"https://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="https://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml/">
<head>
<title>Title of document</title>
</head>
<body>
some content here...
</body>
</html>
In XHTML, elements must always be properly nested within each other, like this:
<b><i>Some
text</i></b>
<b><i>Some
text</b></i>
In XHTML, elements must always be closed, like this:
<p>This is a paragraph</p>
<p>This is another paragraph</p>
<p>This is a paragraph
<p>This is another paragraph
In XHTML, empty elements must always be closed, like this:
A break: <br />
A horizontal rule: <hr />
An image: <img src="happy.gif" alt="Happy face" />
A break: <br>
A horizontal rule: <hr>
An image: <img src="happy.gif" alt="Happy face">
In XHTML, element names must always be in lowercase, like this:
<body>
<p>This is a paragraph</p>
</body>
<BODY>
<P>This is a paragraph</P>
</BODY>
In XHTML, attribute names must always be in lowercase, like this:
<a href="/html/">Visit our HTML tutorial</a>
<a HREF="/html/">Visit our HTML tutorial</a>
In XHTML, attribute values must always be quoted, like this:
<a href="/html/">Visit our HTML tutorial</a>
<a href=/html/>Visit our HTML tutorial</a>
In XHTML, attribute minimization is forbidden:
<input type="checkbox" name="vehicle" value="car" checked="checked" />
<input type="text" name="lastname" disabled="disabled" />
<input type="checkbox" name="vehicle" value="car" checked />
<input type="text" name="lastname" disabled />
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