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Operators are used to perform operations on variables and values
Operators are used to perform operations on variables and values.
In the example below, we use the +
operator to add together two values:
print(10 + 5)
Python divides the operators in the following groups:
Arithmetic operators are used with numeric values to perform common mathematical operations:
Operator | Name | Example | Try it |
---|---|---|---|
+ | Addition | x + y | Try it » |
- | Subtraction | x - y | Try it » |
* | Multiplication | x * y | Try it » |
/ | Division | x / y | Try it » |
% | Modulus | x % y | Try it » |
** | Exponentiation | x ** y | Try it » |
// | Floor division | x // y | Try it » |
Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables:
Operator | Example | Same As | Try it |
---|---|---|---|
= | x = 5 | x = 5 | Try it » |
+= | x += 3 | x = x + 3 | Try it » |
-= | x -= 3 | x = x - 3 | Try it » |
*= | x *= 3 | x = x * 3 | Try it » |
/= | x /= 3 | x = x / 3 | Try it » |
%= | x %= 3 | x = x % 3 | Try it » |
//= | x //= 3 | x = x // 3 | Try it » |
**= | x **= 3 | x = x ** 3 | Try it » |
&= | x &= 3 | x = x & 3 | Try it » |
|= | x |= 3 | x = x | 3 | Try it » |
^= | x ^= 3 | x = x ^ 3 | Try it » |
>>= | x >>= 3 | x = x >> 3 | Try it » |
<<= | x <<= 3 | x = x << 3 | Try it » |
Comparison operators are used to compare two values:
Operator | Name | Example | Try it |
---|---|---|---|
== | Equal | x == y | Try it » |
!= | Not equal | x != y | Try it » |
> | Greater than | x > y | Try it » |
< | Less than | x < y | Try it » |
>= | Greater than or equal to | x >= y | Try it » |
<= | Less than or equal to | x <= y | Try it » |
Logical operators are used to combine conditional statements:
Operator | Description | Example | Try it |
---|---|---|---|
and | Returns True if both statements are true | x < 5 and x < 10 | Try it » |
or | Returns True if one of the statements is true | x < 5 or x < 4 | Try it » |
not | Reverse the result, returns False if the result is true | not(x < 5 and x < 10) | Try it » |
Identity operators are used to compare the objects, not if they are equal, but if they are actually the same object, with the same memory location:
Operator | Description | Example | Try it |
---|---|---|---|
is | Returns True if both variables are the same object | x is y | Try it » |
is not | Returns True if both variables are not the same object | x is not y | Try it » |
Membership operators are used to test if a sequence is presented in an object:
Operator | Description | Example | Try it |
---|---|---|---|
in | Returns True if a sequence with the specified value is present in the object | x in y | Try it » |
not in | Returns True if a sequence with the specified value is not present in the object | x not in y | Try it » |
Bitwise operators are used to compare (binary) numbers:
Operator | Name | Description |
---|---|---|
& | AND | Sets each bit to 1 if both bits are 1 |
| | OR | Sets each bit to 1 if one of two bits is 1 |
^ | XOR | Sets each bit to 1 if only one of two bits is 1 |
~ | NOT | Inverts all the bits |
<< | Zero fill left shift | Shift left by pushing zeros in from the right and let the leftmost bits fall off |
>> | Signed right shift | Shift right by pushing copies of the leftmost bit in from the left, and let the rightmost bits fall off |