Theory of Co-dominance and Multiple Alleles
Scientists have established the Co-Dominance theory with the help of the checkerboard. The Co-Dominance can only be seen in the animal body. But this can also be found in some plant genetic structures. But the count is very less there. For the theory of Co-Dominance, there is a need to create a checkerboard. For that purpose, two different allele combinations are taken here. In one case, there is an allele combination RR. This is the dominant allele combination that helps to develop Red colored skin in the animal. Also, along with that, there is another allele combination WW. This is also the dominant allele combination that helps to develop White colored skin in the animal.
Now, if there is hybridization happens between those two combinations, one different combination will be formed. Now, this combination can be termed Reddish White. And its genomic sequence will be RW. So, from this allele combination, we can see that it is Co-Dominance. Now, scientists have done selfing on those combinations. This means the RW combination is merging with the RW itself. As a result of the combination, it can be found from the checkerboard that, there will be three different combinations can be found.
One will be the Pure Red Colored Skin that is RR. Another will be the Pure White Colored Skin that is WW. And two will be Reddish White Colored Skin Animals that is RW. So, from this process, the theory of Co-Dominance is established. And the Phenotypic & Genotypic ratio will always be the same in Co-Dominance. In this case, the Phenotypic Ratio is 1:2:1. As there is one Red, two Reddish White & one White animal present. And the Genotypic Ratio will also be 1:2:1. So, so they are both the same in ratio number.
Co-Dominance
Co-Dominance is a process, where two or more Dominant gene features can be shown in the animal body. In a simple process, the same dominant allele can be present in any combination. In those cases, the feature of the same Dominant alleles will be shown. Or sometimes, a combination can be formed with one recessive allele & one dominant allele. In those cases, as the dominant allele is present in the combination, the feature of the dominant allele will be shown. And if there are two recessive alleles are present, the feature of the recessive allele will be shown.
But in the case of the Co-Dominance, the process is completely different. Here, the rule for recessive is the same. This means if there are any recessive genes present in the combination they will be suppressed by the Dominant genes. Here, the uniqueness is under the combination of different two dominants. Two different dominants combine. In normal cases, this is not at all possible. But in the case of the Co-Dominance, this can be possible. In that case, all the features of those two dominant alleles will be shown to the animal body. All the two dominant genes will be in working condition there. Co-Dominance can only be found in the animal body. It is not possible in the plant body.
What Are Recessive & Dominant Alleles?
Scientists say that the evolution process comes due to mutation in the Generic Structure. But this statement is made on a very large field. If we consider small parts, we can able to notice that all the processes in the body, including Evolution, are going on with the help of Genes. Gene is one of the major genetic structures in the animal body. They are situated in the chromosomes. There are 48 pairs of chromosomes are present. Among them, 2 pairs belong to the sexual characteristics. All other chromosomes are involved in the body’s development process.
In those chromosomes the genes are present. In each gene, there are two different types of alleles are present. One of them is Dominant Allele & the other is the Recessive Allele. The function of the genes depends upon that allele. If in a combination of genes, two Recessive alleles are placed, then the result of the combination will be different. And in any combination, if there is any Dominant Alleles are present, then the feature of the Dominant allele will be shown. But, if two different dominant alleles are placed in the same combination, then the result might be different. There comes the Co-Dominance process.