List of Canadian Wildlife Species
Canada has 20 big habitats, with 15 on land and 5 in the sea. The main habitats are tundra, dense forest, grassland, and temperate deciduous forest. After the last ice age, Canada developed eight unique forest regions. About half of Canada’s land is covered in forests, which is around 8 percent of the world’s forested areas. Here is the list of wildlife species of Canada as mentioned below.
List of Canadian Wildlife Species |
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Species Name | Domain | IUCN Red List Status | Canadian Ecosystem |
Moose (Alces alces) | Fauna | Least Concern | Boreal Forest |
Black bear (Ursus americanus) | Fauna | Least Concern | Boreal Forest |
Bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) | Fauna | Least Concern | Coastal Ecosystem |
Beaver (Castor canadensis) | Fauna | Least Concern | Wetlands |
Caribou (Rangifer tarandus) | Fauna | Vulnerable | Tundra |
Atlantic puffin (Fratercula arctica) | Fauna | Least Concern | Coastal Ecosystem |
Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) | Fauna | Least Concern | Boreal Forest |
Gray wolf (Canis lupus) | Fauna | Least Concern | Boreal Forest |
Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) | Fauna | Least Concern | Freshwater Ecosystem |
Polar bear (Ursus maritimus) | Fauna | Vulnerable | Arctic Tundra |
Orca (Orcinus orca) | Fauna | Data Deficient | Marine Ecosystem |
Beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas) | Fauna | Near Threatened | Marine Ecosystem |
Snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus) | Fauna | Least Concern | Boreal Forest |
American beech (Fagus grandifolia) | Flora | Least Concern | Deciduous Forest |
Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) | Fauna | Vulnerable | Marine Ecosystem |
American black duck (Anas rubripes) | Fauna | Least Concern | Wetlands |
Muskox (Ovibos moschatus) | Fauna | Least Concern | Tundra |
Eastern gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) | Fauna | Least Concern | Mixed Forest |
American mink (Neovison vison) | Fauna | Least Concern | Wetlands |
North American porcupine (Erethizon dorsatum) | Fauna | Least Concern | Mixed Forest |
American white pelican (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos) | Fauna | Least Concern | Wetlands |
Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) | Fauna | Least Concern | Freshwater Ecosystem |
Woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) | Fauna | Threatened | Boreal Forest |
Eastern red-backed salamander (Plethodon cinereus) | Fauna | Least Concern | Deciduous Forest |
Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus) | Fauna | Endangered | Freshwater Ecosystem |
Bobcat (Lynx rufus) | Fauna | Least Concern | Mixed Forest |
American toad (Anaxyrus americanus) | Fauna | Least Concern | Wetlands |
Eastern cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus) | Fauna | Least Concern | Grassland |
Red fox (Vulpes vulpes) | Fauna | Least Concern | Mixed Forest |
American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) | Fauna | Least Concern | Wetlands |
Eastern chipmunk (Tamias striatus) | Fauna | Least Concern | Mixed Forest |
Common loon (Gavia immer) | Fauna | Least Concern | Boreal Forest |
Northern cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis) | Fauna | Least Concern | Deciduous Forest |
American badger (Taxidea taxus) | Fauna | Least Concern | Grassland |
Yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis) | Flora | Least Concern | Mixed Forest |
Black-capped chickadee (Poecile atricapillus) | Fauna | Least Concern | Mixed Forest |
White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) | Fauna | Least Concern | Mixed Forest |
Eastern phoebe (Sayornis phoebe) | Fauna | Least Concern | Mixed Forest |
American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) | Fauna | Least Concern | Wetlands |
Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) | Fauna | Least Concern | Marine Ecosystem |
American eel (Anguilla rostrata) | Fauna | Critically Endangered | Freshwater Ecosystem |
Short-beaked common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) | Fauna | Least Concern | Marine Ecosystem |
Canada goose (Branta canadensis) | Fauna | Least Concern | Wetlands |
Canadian hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) | Flora | Least Concern | Mixed Forest |
Moosewood (Acer pensylvanicum) | Flora | Least Concern | Mixed Forest |
Boreal chickadee (Poecile hudsonicus) | Fauna | Least Concern | Boreal Forest |
Northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) | Fauna | Least Concern | Boreal Forest |
Red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) | Fauna | Least Concern | Boreal Forest |
American kestrel (Falco sparverius) | Fauna | Least Concern | Grassland |
American crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos) | Fauna | Least Concern | Mixed Forest |
Ecozones Of Wildlife Species Of Canada
Canada has 20 big ecosystems called ecozones, with 15 on land and 5 in the ocean. These ecozones are split into smaller parts: 53 ecoprovinces, 194 ecoregions, and 1,027 ecodistricts. This system helps understand Canada’s natural diversity, set up in 2017. It shows different types of environments across the country, influenced by living and non-living factors. Here are the Ecozones name and Area as mentioned below.
Ecozone | Total area (km²) |
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Arctic Cordillera | 242,190 |
Northern Arctic | 1,507,872 |
Southern Arctic | 839,760 |
Taiga Plains | 652,125 |
Taiga Shield | 1,381,821 |
Boreal Shield | 1,937,517 |
Atlantic Maritime | 213,863 |
Mixedwood Plains | 168,204 |
Boreal Plains | 737,287 |
Prairies | 465,094 |
Taiga Cordillera | 265,375 |
Boreal Cordillera | 467,870 |
Pacific Maritime | 207,925 |
Montane Cordillera | 487,896 |
Hudson Plains | 373,718 |
Total | 9,948,517 |
List of Canadian Wildlife SpeciesEcozones Of Wildlife Species Of Canada
List of Canadian Wildlife Species: The Dominion Of Canada is home to around 80,000 species of wild animals and plants. It has around 200 mammals, over 460 birds, over 40 amphibians, over 40 reptiles, and over 1,200 fish species. On the other hand, the country has 17,000 identified species of floras including trees, flowers, herbs, ferns, mosses, and others.
In terms of wildlife population, rodents are the most found mammals in Canada. According to the World Wide Fund for Nature, the populations of the at-risk species have declined around 59% on average since 1970 in the country. Check the list of Canadian Wildlife Species in detail.